reloj, pronounced as /reˈloʃ/ in Middle Spanish), sabon (soap, from Sp. Examples include relos (clock or wristwatch, from Sp. Vestigial influences of Middle Spanish voiceless palato-alveolar fricative /ʃ/ are evident in some of the Spanish-derived loanwords in Tagalog, where the /ʃ/ sound is transformed into the Tagalog /s/. cursillista) and úling (coal, soot or charcoal from Sp. Such is the case of the following words: kulani (lymph node, from Sp. There are also instances of the Spanish digraph being transformed into upon adoption by Tagalog. There are also rare cases of Tagalog doublets coming from the same Spanish etymological root which exhibit both the influences of the Renaissance /j/ and the latter /λ/ sounds, like in the case of the Tagalog word pair laryo and ladrilyo, both from Sp. maquinilla de escribir), sepilyo (from Sp.
: 308 Examples include apelyido (from Sp. Spanish loanwords in which the digraph is pronounced as /lj/ in Tagalog might have been introduced (or reintroduced) during the 19th century. cebollas) and tabliya or tablea (from Sp. cota de malla), lauya (a stew of meat and vegetables, from Sp. Such is the case of the words barya (from Sp. The Spanish digraph is pronounced by the Spaniards as /j/ during the Renaissance era and this reflected on the pronunciation and the spelling of Spanish-derived loanwords in Tagalog introduced before the 19th century, where the digraph becomes in Tagalog.
carriles), sigurado (from asegurado), sindi (from Sp. restaurante), riles (rail, railway or railroad from Sp. Some Spanish-derived words have also undergone consonant or syllable deletion upon introduction to Tagalog like in the case of limos (from Sp. The loss of the /t/ phoneme can be observed in the Filipino words talino (intelligence or wisdom, from Sp. The loss of the /l/ phoneme can be observed in the Filipino word kutson derived from the Spanish colchón. retratista), litrato (photograph, portrait or picture from Sp. regadera), litratista (photographer, from Sp. rezar), hibla (thread or strand, from Sp. The to consonant shift can be observed in the following words:Īlbularyo (folk healer, from Sp.
Ĭonsonant shifts can also be observed to some of the Spanish words upon their adoption into the Filipino language. Other words underwent vowel deletion, e.g., pusta (from Sp. Prothetic /a/ is added in the loanwords alisto (from Sp.
Vowel changes can be observed to some of the Spanish words upon adoption into the Filipino language, such as an /i/ to /a/ vowel shift observed in the Filipino word paminta, which came from the Spanish word pimienta, and a pre-nasal /e/ to /u/ vowel shift observed in several words such as unano (from Sp. Other loanwords underwent phonological changes. The spellings of Spanish loanwords were reformed according to the new orthographic rules. The adoption of the Abakada alphabet in 1940 changed the spelling of the Spanish loanwords present in the Filipino language. Tagalog: " Puwede ( Puede) ba akóng umupô sa silya ( silla) sa tabi ng bintana ( ventana) hábang nása biyahe ( viaje) táyo sa eroplano ( aeroplano)?" Translation in English: (" May I sit on the chair near the window during our voyage in the aeroplane?") An example is the sentence below in which Spanish–derived words are in italics (original in parentheses): : 213 In an analysis of a Tagalog-language corpus consisting of random news, fiction and non-fiction articles published between 20, Ekaterina Baklanova found out that Spanish-derived words constitute 20% of the lexicon used. Steinkrüger, depending on the text type, around 20% of the vocabulary in a Tagalog text are of Spanish origin. Through his studies, the results of which were published in 1973 in the case of Tagalog and in 1976 in the case of Cebuano, it was found out that 20.4% of the lexicon used by Tagalog speakers were of Spanish origin, while it was 20.5% in the case of Cebuano. As the aforementioned analysis didn't reveal the frequency of the usage of these words by native speakers, a study was conducted by Antonio Quilis in order to understand the percentage of Spanish-derived words used by Filipinos in their daily conversations. In their analysis of José Villa Panganiban's Talahuluganang Pilipino-Ingles (Pilipino-English dictionary), Llamzon and Thorpe (1972) pointed out that 33% of word root entries are of Spanish origin. The Filipino language incorporated Spanish loanwords as a result of 333 years of contact with the Spanish language. See also: Spanish language in the Philippines, Spanish influence on Filipino culture, and Chavacano
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